以句扩句 ，构思微句扩写是指在主干的基础上添枝加叶，让句子内容更丰富，句子表达更形象。扩句包含局部扩句法和整体扩句法。01局部扩句，构思微句局部扩句是指根据表达的需要，在句内添加状语、定语、补语等连带成分，使句子的意思更具体、更充实。例一 Seeing their favourite football team win, Tom and Peter jumped with wild excitement.【解析】 该句的主句为Tom and Peter jumped，但在添加Seeing their favourite football team win、with wild excitement状语成分后便能体现Tom and Peter jumped的时间和心情。例二 The old man with a white beard seems to be very kind.【解析】 该句的主句为The man seems to be very kind。但在主语man前后分别添加了old和with a white beard作定语后便能形象地描写主语的特征。例三 The documentary focuses on the life of Ernest Hemingway, the writer who wrote many popular novels in the 20th century.【解析】该句的主句为The documentary focuses on the life of Ernest Hemingway。但在Ernest Hemingway后添加the writer who wrote many popular novels in the 20th century便更具体地描写了Ernest Hemingway。02整体扩句整体扩句指的是深入解读前句，利用顺承递进、转折和因果关系写出后句，使得句意表达更丰富、更形象。(1) 顺承递进式扩句例 Mrs. Wang is very patient with her son and she always explains a problem to him several times without complaining.【解析】 前句描写Mrs. Wang 对她的儿子非常有耐心，增添explains a problem to him several times without complaining便更能说明Mrs. Wang对她儿子耐心的表现形式，使得描写更具体。顺承关系续写方式主要有：
①and连接两个连贯动作；②连词before或after表示动作先后关系；③having done sth.表示动作先后关系；④with sth. done表示动作已完成。递进关系续写方式主要有：not only … but also ...；instead of …；additionally；furthermore等。
(2) 转折关系式扩句例 Mike has a good job, yet he never seems to have any money.【解析】 前句讲述迈克有一份好工作，后面说他似乎从来都没钱，用yet来表示转折。此外，表示转折的词还有：but, however, although, though, while等。(3) 因果关系式扩句例 The team has made some positional changes because two players are injured.【解析】 该句主句讲述球队进行了一些位置上的调整，because引导的原因状语从句阐述了球队进行位置调整的原因，因而让内容表述更具体。因果扩句的方式有：①原因扩句：because, since, as, for, due to, because of等；②结果扩句：so, so that, only to fi nd, -ing形式表示结果。03技能训练根据汉语意思，补全下列句子。1. 被老师的话深深感动，苏珊决定更加努力学习。, Susan made up her mind to study harder.2. 那位戴着一顶大花帽子的漂亮女士在剧院门口被警卫拦了下来。The beautiful lady withwas stopped at the gate of the theatre by the guard.3. 这些年来，玛丽从父母那里听到了许多关于她出生的城市的故事。Over the years, Mary has heard many stories from her parents about the city.4. 回国前，我爷爷给他在国内认识的每个人都打了电话。
, my grandpa phoned everyone he knew at home.
5. 等了很长时间，他才被叫进办公室。
Having
, he was asked into the office.
6. 虽然阳光灿烂，但并不很暖和。
It wasn’t very warm
.
7. 戴安娜由于身体不好而被迫早早地从教学岗位上退休。Diana was forced to retire early from teaching.8. 彼得匆匆赶回家，结果发现客人们已经走了。
Peter hurried home,
.
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参考答案
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1. Deeply moved by her teacher’s words2. a large flowery hat3. where/in which she was born4. Before returning/he returned home5. waited a long time6. although/though the sun was shining7. because of/due to ill/poor health8. only to find the guests had left
