铝着色技术的研究

ISSN1672-4305实验窒科学第17卷第2期2014年4月CN12-1352/NLABORATORY SCIENCEVol. 17 No.2 Apr. 2014实验技术铝着色技术的研究;张守魁，王丹虹(大连理工大学机械学院，辽宁大连116024)摘要:用3.2% CuSO4 .5H20- 1.5% H2SO4 - 0. 2% C对铝进行交流电着色。时间不变,在电压5V~25V之间,随着电压的升高,颜色从浅褐色逐渐加深,最终变成黑褐色,稳定性很好;电压35V以上,颜色变的很不均匀。电压不变，随着时间的增加(35min之内) ,颜色逐渐由浅黄色变成黑褐色或者黑色,在10 ~ 25min内颜色均匀,表面质量较好。较好的工艺条件为:室温,交流电压10 ~25V ,时间15min ~ 25min。该着色技术工艺简单,配方无毒,着色所得试样有较好耐磨性、耐蚀性、抗晒性。另外,对为工程训练教学开发的其他表面处理技术也做了简单的介召。关键词:铝;着色技术;金相组织;性能中图分类号:TG177文献标识码:Bdoi;:10. 3969/j. issn. 1672-4305. 2014.02.010Study on coloring technology of aluminumZHANG Shou-kui, W ANG Dan-hong( School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024，China)Abstract: In a solution of 3. 2% CuSO4●5H20-1. 5% H2SO, -0.2% C, AC coloring technology foraluminum is studied. Keeping time as a constant, the voltage is changed. As the voltage increase from5v to 25v, the color has darkened from light brown to dark brown stablely. w ith voltage raised above35v, the color becomes streaky. Keeping voltage as a constant , as time passes within 35 minutes , thecolor changes gradually from light yellow to dark brown or black. Within the range of 10 minutes to 25minutes, an even color distribution and good surface quality can be observed. The recommended pro-cessing condition for the coloring technique is: room temperature, AC voltage of 10-25v, processingtime between 15min to 25min. The technique is simple and formulation is non - toxic. The obtainedsample after coloring has great wear resistance, corrosion resistance and sunproofness. Other surfacetreatment technology developed for engineering training teaching also was made a brief introduction.Key words: aluminum; coloring technology ; microstructure; property金属表面进行着色处理主要是为了防止金属腐行加热处理,使其表面生成- -定成分的化学膜。膜蚀和装饰目的。金属经着色处理后,表面呈现的颜的厚度不同,表面会呈现不同的颜色。色是由于光通过金属表面薄膜的折射或反射产生光金属着色是表面科学技术研究与应用非常活跃的干涉形成的。此外,有的膜本身就有颜色，这时就的领域之- -[1-81。 我国在金属着色领域开展了许多呈现膜层组织物的颜色。金属着色处理工艺主要研究工作,并且已投入了工业化生产,但与发达的工有:(1)化学着色法。将金属制件置于化学试剂中,业国家相比还有较大差距。铝是最容易着色的金属通过化学反应而使表面形成着色膜。(2)电化学着之一。常见铝着色T艾太名归米干化学着色和电化色法。通过电化学过程对制件表面进行着色处理。学着色。电中国煤化工步法及电解(3)热处理着色法。将金属制件置于一定气氛中 进着色二步法。TYHCNMH氧化和着色过程在同一溶液中完成,在铝材上直接形成彩色的氧34实室科学5\101min10min25min35min21图3不同时间下的实验结果(15V)15V 35V图4不同电压 下铝表面微观组织变化( 25min) (100x)1 min5 min25m15min50min2H图5不同时间下铝表面微观组织变化( 15V)(100x)表2电压 15V时不同时间下的实验结果(3)日晒实验:经过20天的日晒,色泽无变化。时间无明显1omin5min_ 35min__ 50min图6为采用本工艺处理的制品。果颜色变 亮金色暗黄色浅褐色黑褐色出现剃浅，且更(1)酸碱点滴实验:经过封闭处理的试样在进行点滴实验时表面无明显变化。未经封闭处理的试样,在利用3%硫酸溶液进行点滴时,表面无明显变化,用3%氢氧化钠进行点滴时,部分试样表面颜色变淡。未经封闭处理的试样C3、D3、D、D。在用氢氧化钠溶液点滴时表面无变化,未经封闭处理的试样Cq、Cs在用氢氧化钠溶液点滴时表面微变色,结合强度下降;未经封闭处理的试样D,表面颜色无变中国煤化工化,但结合强度明显降低。MHC NMH G,(2)耐磨性实验:用呢子布擦拭试样表面400足吐旧时元血七制品下,表面色泽无变化。.