Individualized Psychological Analysis of Blanche

ISSN 1009-5039zwwx@overseaen.comOverseas Engish 泻死藁语ht:/:www.vereaen.comTel:+86 -51-56908115690812Individualized Psychological Analysis of BlancheZHANG Xing(schol d Eduatio, Minzu Univensity of China, Bejing 100810 China)Aostat A Sreu Namndd Doir which dcbeo Bnche', orou rgedy is nuened dam wih dhe vololo of he humn dn.liaion such”pychology pochologal alysis hs become an imporant pproach of alyzing thethe Literary， works in literary criticism.Some crntics analyze Blanche by means of Freudianpsychoanalysis and Jungian psychology while this theis analyzes Blanche's InfriritComplex and Compe! by Adler's inidializedd psyhology fom the perpecives of Blanche's cilhood and Blanche's broken murriagc. .中图分类号:106文献标识码:A文章编号 1009 -5)2011050223-021 Brief Account of A Streetcar Named Desirethe purpose of sccess. Hence Esteem Complex'- arogance and.A Steetear Named Desire portrays only the final momentsreputation (阿德勒, 1996: 88-115).in the long history of Blanche DuBois deline Blanche lived asInferiority displays at diferent aspects. For instance, sincean aristocrat in Belle Reve during childhood. Al sixteen, a quitene fele that he is unable to improve the suroundings. heyoung age, Blanche maried a young boy, and he was a poet whochanges fight to the se-narcissisis instead of making fforts. In-had nerousness, sfness, and tendemess. When she found thatferiority accumulates, and problems are still there. He whollythe boy was a homosexual, her dream was shattered. Instead ofcheats himself. Consequently, he is wlling to look for environ-becoming a proper teacher, as she had her family believe, shement where he gets protection. Then he will never make himselfwandered the lower parts of New Orleans, taking in men at seedystronger. If he lacks the ability to resolve the problem, he is surehotel, seeking the afection she did not find when she Was nto recognize his importance to deceive himself.nied io Alan Gey, the honosesall who kldhaensee sorlarAccording to the Inferiority CompleAdler analyzed someter their mariagesots of charneter. Take the delensive pPersmariage, (陈曦，2005: 3). At the beinning of the story,doete fchenete CTale he densie peron for cample Thethirty-year -old Blanche DuBois arrives in New Orleans to her. person fights for dignity and fesyounger sister Stella's home because she has nowhere else to go.power is just a litle bit threatened. They borrow the anxiety andBlanche's first line, a reference to the streetcars that brought hercaution modesty to compensate. The defensive person deriveshere, suggests a movement beyond physical needs to inefablefrom agressive person because they are not able to remain thematters of the spirit: They told me to take a steecar named De-agresive atitude. This kind of person is frightened by diversi-sire, and then transfer. to one called cemeteries and nide sixties and is engaged in memory and ilusion. They never trustblocks and get off at- Elysian Fields* (quoted by]罗达尼，2000:anyone except. themselves and refuse to join others' happiness51)! To her great suprise, Stella lives in a small, dinty apartmentThey fel painful when seing ohers' happy life; thus, they wanton a slum street in the old part of the town, being married to ato keep their superionity beyond others through all kinds oflow-browed salesman of Polish origin, Stanley Kowalski.strategies. n seems that we can not realize at first sight that theyThen on the poker night, Blanche gets under Stanley's skin,are unfnendly to human.Mie. Laehehe eters Biana the atf clin of his cloe fiend3 Blanche's Childhoodrumors of hehe trealens Blanche wih hintsFrom Idiviualied Psychology, one's experience in child-hood is rllected in adulthood. Also, the childhood plays an im-to-heart discussion with Mich, Blanche reveals the greatesttragedy of her past on one evening of their date. Ater Stella giv-portant role in the evolution of character. There are three ele-ing birth, Stanley and Blanche have a furious conlict. From thenments leading to Inferiority Complex in childhood: physiologicon, Blanche is paychlogically disturbed and becomes a psycho.: and nochalnce. The spiled childrenAt last, Blanche is sent to an insane asylum.always require more love than the average are obstinate independency on parents. In their point of view, no one can de-2 The Main Theories in Individualized Psychologyprive them of their right to be the central part in family. The bal.First of all, the most important view in individualized psy-ance is to be upset because the challenge from the second childchology is the Inferiority Complex and Compensation. It is con-brings about the first one's fuy. The first child becomes the sec-sidered that everyone was bom in both physical and mentalond important child in parents' eyes. At this time, the first childweakness, namely Inferioity. Therefore, human require the Comlooks for Compensation to lighten his burden of Inferority, Often,pensation for Inferionity which is sometimes extra, even priority.he expresses his feelings more actively by crying or shouting toNow that the main motive of life is pursuing priority, Inferioritydraw parents" attention.offers the most motivation to success (吕 翠风，2004: 201 -204)., Whether undergoing sufeings or, not, Blanche is sill aThose who ordinate themselves well can express their preferencefragile and sensitive person full of pride and romance, becauseto priority through social interest. On the other hand, those whothe inluence of the Southem culure is rooted in Blanche'sthe other hand, those whofail to ordinate themselves probably destroy others' interet forchildhood. Her going to be a neurotie is not the consequence of，Sella says, You never中国煤化工MHCNMHG收稿日期:2011-01-26修回日期:2011-02- 20作者简介:张章(1986-),江西赣州人,中央民族大学教育学院比较教育学硕士,主要研究方向为英语教育,比较教育。本栏目賣任鳊舞:扬募菲为种外文美这化研宽题223Overseas English 海外英语2011年5月did give me a chance to say much, Blanche. So I just got in themiserable feelings.habit of being quiet around you.' From Stella's words, it is clearBlanche's wants to atract somebody's attention to compen-that Blanche's habit of being proud of herself and feeling superi-sate her Inferiority. These 'somebody" include Mitch, even heror to others exist long before her later sufferings. Blanche has gotbrotherin-law Stanley. Furthermore, she seduces two young boys.into the habit of being waited on. Even after the loss of her BelleOne is the student in high school where she is his Englsh teach-Reve, she still feels difficult to kick this habit. In scene five,er. The other is a newspaper boy who happens to be at Stella'sStella says: 1 like to wait on you, Blanche. It makes it seem morehome. She employs her sexuality as a tool with which shelike at home' (罗达尼, 2000: 80).rewrites history. By engaging in relaions with strangers, andAs the first child in her family, Blanche was used to beingthrough these intentionally meaningless encounters, Blancheloved by parents. Like a princess, she was always the only childhopes to iterate and emend her first, lethal relationship. She ex-who received most concerms until her sister was bom. Her sisterpects an environment where she gets protection. Her exit line,took the concems away from her which only belonged to her onceaddressed to the Intution doctor, intensifies her pathos: Who-upon a time. This change makes great impact on Blanche be-ever you are- I have always depended on the kindness ofcause she in some sense seems to be ignored by parents and losestrangers" (Williams, 1971: 624).the closest relationship with her parents, which means she had noThen_ Williams introduces Blanche's hot bath as anothertime to accept the fact that her sister seized the most importantmeans of Blanche to quiet her nerves. Blanche's preference forposition in the family. Blanche would seek for another protectorbathing has a deeper significance than the simple function of wa-for she felt insecure without the completely same prolection as .ter. Williams alludes to the myth that the water in the river Lethebefore. In a period, Blanche treated her sister as one of the ene-has the cleansing power to the past memory. But ironically,mies who she fought against. Blanche intended to catch others'Blanche cannot escape from her memory about the past despiteattention for the purpose that she was eager to get more care andher feling like a brand new human being' afer the bath. Sheencouragement. The strong desire of being protected is one rea-just lacks the ability to face the truh and ordinate the shockson for her mental weakne8s, even neurosis in the future.from new rising class, thus she depends on bath to leave the cru-4 Blanche's Broken Marriageel actuality.What is worse, she is a private alcoholic, and drinking is4.1 Frustration in Marriageher means to escape the reality and to entice the ilusion., ToIndividualized Paychology explains that the couple in mar-Blanche, alcohol is one source of her hysterical escape from theriage should not be selfish for personal interest. Husband or wifereality. Blanche drinks to induce ilusion, to exterminate thetakes the responsibility for love and family. Supposing a wife ex-moral contradictions that stand between her and the pure Belleceedingly relies on her husband, she possibly was pampered ineve. wW henever Blanche feels nervous and guilty of the past andearly years.he present, she tums to alcohol to forget all these things tem-What is more, mariage as a production of society containsporarily.ble, sAlthough she is homeles, peniles, and morally vulnera.tween husband and wife has a fixed patterm. Different from thatbehaves like an injured duchess. Her tastes are aristo-pattem, the marriage is despised without blessing.cratic and refined. She lives mainly on ilusions, rejecting the re-Blanche was totured by her husband Allan Grey's homo-ality of yesterday and today and living in an imaginary yesterday.sexuality and death. According to the South belief, homosexualityShe tries hard to get back her lost youth and innocence to avoidis awful and unacceptable. However, Blanche is also guilty be-the reality.cause she felt that it was her responsibility for Allan's death. She5 Conclusionloves her husband and because she only demands love from herhusband, the death of Allan brings her insecurity and loneliness.AReceanIn conclusin, Blanche's tragedy originates from the socialbackground and personal factors. She lives in a transitional sociBlanche loses the husband's love which she depends on, thug shelook for other's love to compensate. On the other hand, she failedety where the Old South culture and economy are defeated by theto attract the husband's atention s0 she had an Inferority Com-new society. She has r0 power to change these dominantAt the same time, owing to her experience in childhood, Blancheplex about her charm. In order to compensate this sense, she se-lacks ability to master her fate and finaly sinks into the aban-duces every man she comes across to prove her fascination.doned women. Blanche is an important character to demonstrateThereafter her degeneration begins and she goes downhill fromday to day, she makes a confession to Mitch: 'After the death ofWilliams" bumanistic and social concem for the alienated worldAllan, intimacies with strangers were all I seemed able to fill myafter WWII. Tennessee Williams' mastery of characterization,psychological approach in creating characters and humanisticempty heart with. I think it was panic, just panic, that drove mestance in social problems will always enshrine him as one thefrom one to another, hunting for some protection- here and there,in the most unlikely places even at last, in a seventeen-year-oldgreatest dramatists in the world. Williams and his outcast charac-boy" (quoted by]罗达尼, 2000: 99).ters are in a sense the brokepeople in the broken wortd.When4.2 Compensation for Inferiority Complexcome to be conscious of the tragedy in the play because theyCompensation exists in varied shells. Inferionity Complexhave realized the death of something precious in life, but theneeds Compensation to relax people under the pressure of psy-tragedy is unavoidable because the people are 80 lonely andche. However, Compensation can be divided into two kinds: pos-helpless in their struggle in life.itive and negative Compensation. The positive Compensation cal参考文献:inspire people's ambition of success. Nevertheless, the negativeCompensation causes more troubles in life, helping people avoid[1]. Tennessee W.The Theatre of Tenessee Wlliams [M].Newthe reality. The damage of negative Compensation involves eitherYork:New Drections Publishing Corporation,1971.personal or others" interest, even social interest.From the[2]阿德勒.挑战自卑[M,李心明,泽北京:华龄出版社,1996.vidual's perspective, the person who may not ordinate himself or[3]陈曦论布朗琪.杜波依斯自我的毁灭[D]合肥:合肥工业大herself gets mental disorder. Gradually, he or she is becoming a中国煤化工psycho on account of the increasingly negative Compensation.[4]罗斯[M].上海:上海外语Unfortunately, Blanche chooses the negative Compensation toCHCNMHGconfront her problem. In A Streetcar Named Desire, she obvious-[5]翠成.日年心小U上海电机仅术高等专科学校学报,ly takes advantage of much symbolic Compensation to reduce her2004(3):201-204.224■中外文美文化研究本栏目责任偏辑:杨荨菲