中国煤的燃烧和NOx排放特性研究

Seven Chinese coals ranking from anthracite to sub-bituminous from the Shanxi province were selected for study to forecast the combustion and NOx emission behavior. Three UK, one Indonesia and one South Africa coal was included in the study for reference. A flat flame-turbulent jet apparatus was employed to assess flame stability, ignition performance and NOx emission behavior for the initial stage of devolatilization and combustion.This apparatus can simulate particle heating rates, maximum temperatures and the influence of the turbulent fluid interactions on the fate of volatiles. To simulate processes occurring over longer residence time, additional devolatilization experiments were performed in a drop tube furnace. Char reactivity was studied through thermogravimetric analysis. Finally, fouling propensity was studied with the aid of a purpose-built laboratory combustor that enabled the characteristics of the ash deposit to be assessed empirically. The results show that Chinese coals do not appear to possess unusual features in respect of NOx formation, flame stability and ignition, char burnout and ash slagging. The range of coals available in China appears sufficiently broad that suits all requirements. In particular, Shenfu coal, with its initial fast devolatilization and nitrogen release rates and its low initial nitrogen content and high char reactivity, will perform well when fired in industrial boilers as far as NOx emission, flame stability and combustion efficiency are concerned. Pingshuo coal exhibits high char reactivity and an attractive slagging performance suggesting that this fuel represents a good compromise between NOx emission and overall plant efficiency.