Inflammatory bowel disease in rats: Bacterial and chemical interaction

AIM: To develop a novel model of colitis in rats, using a combination of iodoacetamide and enteropathogenic E. Coll (EPEC), and to elucidate the pathophysiologic processes implicated in the development of ulcerative colitis (UC).METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=158) were inoculated intrarectally on a weekly basis with 4 different combinations: (a) 1% methylcellulose (MC),(b) 100 μL of 6% iodoacetamide (IA) in 1% MC, (c) 200 μL containing 4 x 108 colony factor units (CFU) of EPEC, and (d) combined treatment of (IA) followed by bacteria (B) after 2d. Thirty days post treatment, each of the four groups was divided into two subgroups; the inoculation was stopped for one subgroup and the other subgroup continued with biweekly inoculation until the end of the experiment. Colitis was evaluated by the clinical course of the disease, the macroscopic and microscopic alterations, activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), and by TNF-α gene expression.RESULTS: Findings indicative of UC were seen in the combined treatment (IA+B) as well as the IA continued treatment groups: the animals showed slow rate of increase in body weight, diarrhea, bloody stools, high colonic ulcer score, as well as histological alterations characteristic of UC, with an extensive inflammaton/reaction. During the course of the experiment, the MPO activity was consistently elevated and the TNF-α gene expression was upregulated compared to the control animals.CONCLUSION: The experimental ulcerative colitis model used in the present study resembles, to a great extent, the human disease. It is reproducible with characteristics indicative of chronicity.