修订后的《防污公约》和《国际海运安全公约》规定的行业危险分类方法Industry approach to hazard classification under the revised MARPOL

本指导文件提出了人类健康和环境危害评估国际海运煤炭中的煤炭方法防止船舶和国际海事污染公约固体散装货物代码（IMSBC）。对于人类健康分类，由于复杂的成分对于煤，混合方法被认为是不可行的。因此，煤的整体测试数据作为人类健康分类的基础。基于现有文献综述研究煤对哺乳动物的不良影响，得出结论：吸入相关暴露途径（吸入煤尘）-这不是MARPOL标准，但与IMSBC规范标准相关。环境危害对煤的评价仅仅是基于煤的微量元素组成。评估确实不评价有毒有机化合物如多环芳烃的潜在危害碳氢化合物（PAHs）；先前对煤中报告的PAHs含量进行的危害评估表明，报告的最高浓度水平的PAHs不会触发任何环境分类。此外，产生的生态毒理学数据以煤为供试品，并没有表明煤的有机部分会引起不良反应严重到足以触发环境分类的急性/慢性影响。

This guidance document proposes a human health and environmental hazard assessment  methodology for coal with regard to the marine transport of coal under the International  Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) and the International Maritime  Solid Bulk Cargoes Code (IMSBC). For human health classification, due to the complex composition  of coal, a mixture approach was not considered feasible. Consequently, test data on coal as a whole  serve as basis for the human health classification. Based on the literature review of available  studies on adverse effects of coal on mammals, it was concluded that inhalation was the only  relevant route of exposure (coal dust inhalation) - which is not a relevant route of exposure for the  MARPOL criteria but is relevant for the IMSBC Code criteria. The environmental hazard  assessment of coal is solely based on the trace element composition of coal. The assessment does  not evaluate potential hazard of toxic organic compounds such as polycyclic aromatic  hydrocarbons (PAHs); the hazard assessment that was previously conducted on reported PAHlevels in coal demonstrated that the highest reported concentration levels of PAHs would not  trigger any environmental classification. In addition, ecotoxicological data that were generated  with coal as test substance did not indicate that the organic fraction of coal would cause adverse  acute/chronic effects that are severe enough to trigger an environmental classification.