能源市场和环境监管在减少燃煤电厂利润和排放中的角色The Roles of Energy Markets and Environmental Regulation in Reducing Coal-

2005至2015年间，美国电力部门排放的氮氧化物，危害人类健康和环境，下降了三分之二，许多燃煤发电厂变得无利可图，退休了。公众对这些变化的激烈争论集中在这些变化上，但相关文献并没有确定其根本原因。使用一个精确再现机组运行、排放和退役的新电力部门模型，我们发现几乎所有的煤电厂盈利能力下降和由此导致的退役都是由电力消耗和天然气价格造成的。氮氧化物法规解释了大部分减排，但对煤炭工厂盈利能力和退休影响甚微。

Between 2005 and 2015, US electricity sector emissions of nitrogen oxides, which harm human health and the environment, declined by two-thirds, and many coal-fired power plants became unprofitable and retired. Intense public controversy has focused on these changes, but the literature has not identified their underlying cause. Using a new electricity sector model that accurately reproduces unit operation, emissions, and retirement, we find that electricity consumption and gas prices account for nearly all the coal plant profitability decline and resulting retirements. Nitrogen oxides regulations explain most of the emissions reductions but had little effect on coal plant profitability and retirement