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波兰煤炭行业的转型The Transformation of the Polish Coal Sector 波兰煤炭行业的转型The Transformation of the Polish Coal Sector

波兰煤炭行业的转型The Transformation of the Polish Coal Sector

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  • 更新时间:2021-09-16
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波兰煤矿部门的重组与1989年开始的一般政治和经济改革直接相关。关闭利润最低的煤矿、减少煤炭产量和该行业的劳动力规模,是这一过程中相对成功的部分,特别是在最初的十年。主要的失败是,尽管进行了多次债务调整,但该行业仍然缺乏盈利能力。在这一时期被广泛认为是最成功的工具(采矿社会一揽子计划)并没有防止巨大的社会成本,主要是前矿工的不活动或失业。尽管矿区恢复了相对繁荣,但选定的当地社区仍然遭受失业、贫困或社会排斥的痛苦。

The restructuring of the coal mining sector in Poland is directly linked with the general political and economic reforms that started in 1989. The closing of the least profitable collieries, reduction of coal production and the size of the workforce in the sector were relatively successful parts of this process, especially during its first decade. The main failure was the sector’s continued lack of profitability, despite numerous debt adjustments. The instrument which is widely recognized as the most successful during that period (the Mining Social Package) did not prevent substantial social costs, mostly inactivity or unemployment among former miners. Although the mining regions regained a relative prosperity, selected local communities still suffer from unemployment, poverty or social exclusion.

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