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英国实际上已经完成了摆脱煤炭生产和使用的转变，这对一个曾经以煤炭发电为主的经济体来说是一个惊人的转变。然而，这是一个从未真正“计划”过的转变，远离煤炭的行动早在对气候变化的担忧取得政治地位之前就开始了。例如，直到2015年11月，英国政府才承诺逐步淘汰英国发电用煤。但这已经发生了，一些最迅速的变化实际上发生在2016年，尤其是由于“碳税”的影响，导致经济从煤炭向燃气发电倾斜。为满足高峰需求，少数燃煤发电站将在电网中维持数年，但从各方面来看，英国已经进入后煤炭时代。然而，这一目标能否在不给煤矿区带来不必要痛苦的情况下实现，仍然是一个非常值得怀疑的问题。多年来，失业是通过裁员和转移到幸存矿井来管理的。裁员金、福利金和提前领取养老金为前矿工提供了支持，并提供了职业咨询和培训。大多数以前的矿工现在已经到了退休年龄。矿业社区面临的最大问题是如何取代失去的工作岗位。英国为恢复受煤炭关闭影响的地区所做的努力由来已久，有明显的证据表明，这以新的就业机会的形式带来了积极的结果。然而，原煤田的劳动力市场仍然存在不平衡，表现为持续的高失业率，特别是丧失劳动能力福利。在创造了新工作岗位的地方，他们的工资往往很低
The UK has virtually completed its move away from the production and use of coal – an astonishing transformation for an economy that once relied overwhelmingly on coal power. This is however a transformation that was never really ‘planned’ and the move away from coal started long before concerns about climate change achieved political prominence. Until as late as November 2015, for example, there was no government commitment to phase out coal in UK electricity generation. But it was already happening, and some of the most rapid change was actually in 2016, triggered in particular by the impact of a ‘carbon tax’ which has tipped the economics away from coal to gasfired generation. A handful of coal-fired power stations will remain on the grid for a few years to help meet peak demand, but to all intents the UK is already entering the post-coal era. Whether this has been achieved without undue pain to coalmining areas is however deeply questionable. Job losses were for many years managed by a combination of redundancies and transfers to surviving mines. Redundancy payments, welfare benefits and early access to pensions provided support former miners, and careers advice and training was on offer. Most former miners have now reached retirement age. The big problem for mining communities has been replacement of the lost jobs. The UK has a long history of efforts to regenerate areas affected by coal closures and there is clear evidence that this has delivered positive results in the form of new jobs. Nevertheless, there continues to be an imbalance in the labour market in the former coalfields, manifest in on-going high levels of worklessness, particularly on incapacity benefits. And where new jobs have been created they have often been low-paid
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