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煤制气:甲烷泄漏的影响Coal to gas: the influence of methane leakage 煤制气:甲烷泄漏的影响Coal to gas: the influence of methane leakage

煤制气:甲烷泄漏的影响Coal to gas: the influence of methane leakage

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  • 更新时间:2021-09-16
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化石燃料燃烧产生的二氧化碳(CO2)排放可通过以下方式减少: 使用天然气而不是煤来生产能源。气体产生大约一半的 与煤相比,每单位一次能源的CO2量。这里我们考虑一个场景 其中煤的一部分用天然气(即甲烷、甲烷、甲烷)代替 时间段,并且假设气体生产的百分比泄漏到 气氛。泄漏的额外CH4增加了气候的辐射强迫。 系统,抵消伴随从煤到煤的转变而导致的CO2排放的减少 气体。我们还考虑了以下影响:煤矿瓦斯泄漏;辐射变化 由于二氧化硫和碳质气溶胶的排放变化而引起的强迫; 燃煤与燃气发电效率的差异 世代。总的来说,这些因素不仅抵消了由于 减少二氧化碳排放。当煤气代替煤时,到2050年会有额外的变暖。 假设泄漏率为0%,如果泄漏率高达10%,则达到2140。这个 然而,对21世纪全球平均温度的总体影响很小。

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel combustion may be reduced by using natural gas rather than coal to produce energy. Gas produces approximately half the amount of CO2 per unit of primary energy compared with coal. Here we consider a scenario where a fraction of coal usage is replaced by natural gas (i.e., methane, CH4) over a given time period, and where a percentage of the gas production is assumed to leak into the atmosphere. The additional CH4 from leakage adds to the radiative forcing of the climate system, offsetting the reduction in CO2 forcing that accompanies the transition from coal to gas. We also consider the effects of: methane leakage from coal mining; changes in radiative forcing due to changes in the emissions of sulfur dioxide and carbonaceous aerosols; and differences in the efficiency of electricity production between coal- and gas-fired power generation. On balance, these factors more than offset the reduction in warming due to reduced CO2 emissions. When gas replaces coal there is additional warming out to 2,050 with an assumed leakage rate of 0%, and out to 2,140 if the leakage rate is as high as 10%. The overall effects on global-mean temperature over the 21st century, however, are small.

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