以天然气和石油工业为重点的国家趋势分析An Analysis of National Trends with a Focus on the Natural Gas and Oil Industry

本报告旨在为理解包括学士学位、副学士学位和副学士学位认证课程在内的高等教育在满足科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）劳动力日益增长的需求方面所起的作用提供新的知识。目前，需要STEM技能和培训的工作占美国经济所有工作的20%（Rothwell，2013）。目前的预测预计，STEM经济在2014年至2024年间的增长率将比所有职业的预测增长率快9%（Noonan，2017）。随着STEM经济的扩张和对工人填补STEM工作岗位的需求不断增长，企业领导人正在对大学、社区学院和技术学校施加压力，并在某些情况下投资，以制定针对特定STEM职业的计划，着眼于培养学生在当地社区从事高增长工作（Tai，2012）。

This report aims to contribute new knowledge to understanding the role that postsecondary education—including bachelor’s degrees, associate’s degrees, and sub-baccalaureate credentialing programs—plays in meeting the increasing demands of the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce. At present, jobs that require STEM skills and training constitute 20 percent of all jobs in the U.S. economy (Rothwell, 2013). Current projections anticipate that the STEM economy will grow about 9 percent between 2014 and 2024—faster than the growth rate projected for all occupations (Noonan, 2017). With an expansion in the STEM economy and the growing demand for workers to fill STEM jobs, business leaders are putting pressure on—and, in some cases, investing in—universities, community colleges, and technical schools to develop programs that are tailored to specific STEM occupations, with an eye toward preparing students for high-growth jobs in their local communities (Tai, 2012).