整个欧洲的煤炭工业Coal industry across Europe

我很高兴介绍这份报告，第六版整个欧洲的煤炭工业。有些人可能会惊讶于报告中关于煤炭的事实和数据页面；它们反映了一个重要行业的活动。欧盟是世界第四大煤炭消费区，仅次于中国、印度和北美。我们开采约1亿吨硬煤再进口两亿吨美国是世界上最大的进口国。四点左右一亿吨，我们的褐煤产量远远超过从任何其他地区来看，德国是世界上最大的生产商。让我强调一个简单的统计数字。尽管欧洲人欧盟目前正在执行最严格的气候政策在世界上，煤炭仍占工会用电量是我们最可靠的可提供178千兆瓦燃煤发电量的电源无论天气如何，任何时候。来自煤炭的竞争性电力使工业在欧盟。只要成员各州不会对煤炭使用增加额外负担，例如英国的碳价格下限实际上是单边碳排放税收。社会受益于创造经济的工业增长，为未来提供就业和投资。在这方面，欧洲煤炭工业对《联合国气候变化框架公约》巴黎协定，不是因为太严格或太严格软，但仅仅是因为它可能会限制欧洲工业。例如，欧洲煤炭工业投资于健康、安全和环境改善，而在欧盟，煤炭用户为碳排放买单排放交易系统。这种基于市场的解决方案是应对气候挑战的必要工具。其他世界上的一些地区要求较低，不是因为它们不在乎，但因为经济增长优先于不直接影响公民切身利益的问题日常生活。欧盟领导着一个雄心勃勃的联盟决心应对气候变化。我们需要其他人因此，必须注意基础气候和能源政策有确凿的证据。当前对点源的关注二氧化碳排放需要充分平衡所有能源供应的生命周期分析。天然气来自西伯利亚是一个方便的能源用户在卢森堡，但是需要发电厂的电力系统得到加强快速下降，经常以部分负荷运行燃气轮机效率较低的时期？最新的燃煤电厂设计成滑动式压力控制使其能够并确实有效运行在需要平衡间歇运行的运行机制下可再生能源。

I have the pleasure of introducing this report, the sixth edition  of Coal industry across Europe. Some may be surprised by  the facts and figures on coal contained within the report’s  pages; they reflect the activities of a significant industry. The European Union is the world’s fourth largest coalconsuming region, after China, India and North America. We  mine around one hundred million tonnes of hard coal each  year and import a further two hundred million tonnes, making  us the world’s largest importer by value. At around four  hundred million tonnes, our lignite production far exceeds  that from any other region, Germany being the world’s  largest producer. Let me highlight one simple statistic. Although the European  Union is currently implementing the strictest climate policies in the world, coal still accounts for around one quarter of the  electricity consumed in the Union, it being our most reliable  source of power with 178 GW of coal-fired capacity available  at all times and whatever the weather. Competitive electricity from coal allows industry to prosper in  the European Union. This can continue so long as member  states do not place additional burdens on coal use, such as  the UK’s carbon price floor – effectively a unilateral carbon  tax. Society benefits from industries that create economic  growth, provide jobs and invest for the future. In this respect,  the European coal industry was disappointed by the  UNFCCC Paris Agreement, not because it is too strict or too  soft, but simply because it may limit the competitiveness of  European industry. For example, the European coal industry  invests in health, safety and environmental improvements,  while coal users pay for carbon emissions under the EU  emissions trading system. This market-based solution is a  necessary tool in response to the climate challenge. Other  regions of the world are less demanding, not because they  do not care, but because economic growth takes priority over  issues that do not directly affect their citizens’ immediate  daily lives. The European Union leads an ambitious coalition that is  determined to tackle climate change. We need others to  follow, so must take care to base climate and energy policy  on solid evidence. The current focus on point-source  emissions of carbon dioxide needs to be balanced by a full  life-cycle analysis of all energy supplies. Natural gas from  Siberia is a convenient fuel for an energy user in  Luxembourg, but what are the real environmental impacts in  a power system that demands power plants are ramped up  and down quickly, and often run at part load for extended  periods when the efficiency of gas turbines is rather low?  The latest coal-fired plants have been designed with sliding  pressure controls so that they can and do operate efficiently  under the operating regimes needed to balance intermittent  renewables.