2011年不列颠哥伦比亚煤炭开采工业的经济影响Economic impact analysis of the coal mining industry in British Columbia,2011

加拿大煤炭协会聘请普华永道会计师事务所（普华永道）量化加拿大煤炭开采业对国民经济的经济贡献。作为本研究的补充，不列颠哥伦比亚省煤炭工业的研究结果与国家研究结果分开，本文将对此进行报道。在这项研究中，提供了不列颠哥伦比亚省煤炭开采业在产出、国内生产总值、就业、工资和薪金以及政府税收方面的直接和间接经济影响的估计结果。不列颠哥伦比亚省的煤矿业主要由位于东北部（和平河地区）、东南部（库特奈地区）和温哥华岛的有色和生产公司组成。目前，不列颠哥伦比亚省有10个经营矿井，其中9个生产冶金煤，1个生产热煤。此外，还有许多煤炭省长正在勘探或处于其他高级开发阶段。目前正在探索和开发的新的煤炭地点包括绿地和现有的褐煤场。上一次对加拿大煤炭储量的官方调查是1989年加拿大地质调查局报告的。报告列出了加拿大截至1985年12月的煤炭储量和资源的官方估计：煤炭储量为88亿吨，其中66亿吨为可采储量。1根据同一报告，不列颠哥伦比亚省的煤炭储量为31亿吨，其中26亿吨为可采储量。尽管此后一直没有官方更新，但2010年对不列颠哥伦比亚省的煤炭储量进行了评估。根据这一评估，不列颠哥伦比亚省拥有120亿吨潜在可开采煤炭资源，其中80亿吨位于不列颠哥伦比亚省东南部的东库特奈煤田，40亿吨位于不列颠哥伦比亚省东北部的和平河煤田。不列颠哥伦比亚省的煤炭储量可由能源和矿业部进行评估。不列颠哥伦比亚省每年生产超过2700万吨的变质煤和热煤，为全省社区带来了显著的经济效益。2011年，全省煤炭生产总值达到57亿美元。据报道，2011年冶金和热能煤的出口销售额为71亿美元，几乎占不列颠哥伦比亚省出口总额的22%，如此规模的出口销售额使煤炭行业成为该省贸易平衡的积极贡献者。不列颠哥伦比亚省在全国煤炭出口中所占比例为89%。不列颠哥伦比亚省的冶金煤主要运往亚洲，用于炼钢工业，而热煤出口则运往各个目的地，用于发电。

The Coal Association of Canada engaged PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP ("PwC”)to quantify the economic contributions of Canada's coal mining industry to the national economy. As a complement to this study, the results for British Columbia's coal industry were separated from the national results whidi are reported here. In this study, results are provided of the estimated economic impact of the British Columbia's coal mining industry, at the direct and indirect level in terms of output, GDP, employment, wages and salaries, and government tax revenues. The coal mining industry in British Columbia is made up of coloration and producing companies primarily located in the north east, (Peace River area), south east (Kootenay area), and Vancouver Island. At present, there are 10 operating mines in British Columbia of which nine mines produce metallurgical coal and one produces thermal coal. In addition, there are many coal prefects under exploration or at other stages of advanced development. New coal sites currently being explored and developed include greenfield and the ejqjansion of existing brownfield sites. The last official survey of Canada's coal reserves was reported 切 the Geological Survey of Canada in 1989. The report listed the official estimate of Canada's coal reserves and resources at December 1985: coal reserves were 8.8 billion tonnes, of which 6.6 billion tonnes were recoverable coal reserves.1 Based on the same report, British Columbia has coal reserves of 3.1 billion tonnes, of which 2.6 billion tonnes were recoverable reserves. Although there has been no official update since then, an assessment of British Columbia's coal reserves was undertaken in 2010. According to this assessment, British Columbia has 12.0 billion tonnes of potentially mineable coal resources of which 8.0 billion tonnes are located in the East Kootenay coalfields in southeast British Columbia and 4.0 billion tonnes in the Peace River coalfield in northeast British Columbia. The assessment is available on coal reserves in British Columbia is available on the Ministry of Energy and Mines.2 British Columbia produces well over 27 million tonnes of metaDurgical and thermal coal every year, generating significant economic benefits to communities throughout the province. In 2011, the value of provincial coal production reached $5.7 billion. Export sales for metallurgical and thermal coal were reported as $7.1 billion in 2011 representing almost 22% of total provincial exports from British Columbian Export sales of this magnitude make the coal industry a positive contributor to the province's trade balance. As a percentage of national exports, British Columbia contributes 89% towards total annual coal shipments. British Columbia's metallurgical coal is primarily shipped to Asia to be used in the steel making industry while thermal coal exports are shipped to various destinations to be used in power generation.