International experience of coal consumption reduction and clean utilization煤炭消费减量化和清洁利用国际经验

British coal reduction and clean use of the characteristics of the climate change bill + carbon budget, taxes on climate change, emissions trading system in Germany and clean utilization of coal quantity-reducing characteristics, eliminate backward production capacity, the upgrading of energy efficiency, energy transformation and clean utilization of coal quantity-reducing characteristics of the United States Clean Air Act (regulation) to convert carbon dioxide into the pollutants, shale gas cleaning, power planThe experience of the four countries is compared with that of Britain and Germany, whose coal reduction measures are strengthened to make them able to cope with climate change;The United States pays more attention to clean use of coal through market means, and strict air quality standards restrain the growth of coal.Japan is still relying on coal to support its economy in the short term because of energy security concerns, delaying coal reductionTotal amount control model for China's coal consumption, to establish and enforce its strict air quality standard -- removing coal subsidies, competitive - the use of the international energy market, improve the energy change of the domestic energy structure, technology progress, improve the efficiency of energy utilization and realize clean use of coal consumption to power generation and metallurgical industry concentration, more efficient use of coal, energy supply security concerns, on the premise of meet the safety standards and environmental assessment exploitation of coal, on the premise of meet the emission standard clean use of coal

英国煤炭减量化和清洁利用的特点 • 气候变化法案+碳预算 • 气候变化税 • 排放交易体系   德国煤炭减量化和清洁利用特点 • 淘汰落后产能 • 能效升级 • 能源转型   美国煤炭减量化和清洁利用特点    清洁空气法（将二氧化碳纳入污染物进行管制）页岩气清洁电力计划

四国经验对比 英国德国的煤炭减量化的措施手段强化，使其能自如应对气 候变化；美国比较注重通过市场手段实现对煤炭的清洁利用，严格的 空气质量标准抑制煤炭的增速；日本出于能源安全顾虑，短期仍然依赖煤炭支撑经济发展， 推迟煤炭减量化

对中国煤炭消费总量控制的借鉴  ——制定和强力实施严格的空气质量标准  ——取消煤炭补贴，提升能源竞争性  ——利用国际能源市场，改变国内能源结构  ——技术进步，提高能源利用效率和实现清洁化利用  ——煤炭消费向发电和冶金行业集中，更高效的利用煤炭  ——能源供应安全的考量  ——在满足安全标准和环境评估的前提下开采煤炭  ——在满足排放标准的前提下清洁利用煤炭