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问题摘要:重新审视对俄罗斯的石油制裁ISSUE BRIEF: REVISITING OIL SANCTIONS ON RUSSIA 问题摘要:重新审视对俄罗斯的石油制裁ISSUE BRIEF: REVISITING OIL SANCTIONS ON RUSSIA

问题摘要:重新审视对俄罗斯的石油制裁ISSUE BRIEF: REVISITING OIL SANCTIONS ON RUSSIA

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  • 更新时间:2021-09-17
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美国和欧盟针对俄罗斯在乌克兰的活动而对其实施的制裁,有效地削弱了俄罗斯经济,并可能劝阻俄罗斯在乌克兰的进一步冒险主义,但并没有迫使莫斯科做出足以纠正危机的政策改变。尽管最好通过全面执行2015年2月明斯克停火协议来解决这一局势,但可以说,之所以没有出现这种情况,是因为目前实施的制裁没有对莫斯科施加足够的压力,美国和欧盟应该寻求采取更多的措施。当前制裁努力的最关键因素之一,是限制俄罗斯重要石油部门未来的增长,同时不造成对全球市场供应的破坏性立即削减。未来的制裁可能会试图立即削减石油出口,以期对俄罗斯经济造成更大的经济损害,迫使俄罗斯改变政策。本文回顾了俄罗斯的经济状况以及石油出口在其中所起的作用。报告根据俄罗斯经济数据,评估了对俄罗斯石油出口施加制裁压力的各种情况。

Sanctions imposed by the United States and the European Union against Russia in response to its activities in Ukraine have been effective in undermining the Russian economy and potentially dissuading further Russian adventurism in Ukraine, but have not compelled a policy change in Moscow sufficient to correct the crisis. Though it is preferable to resolve the situation through the full implementation of the Minsk cease-fire of February 2015, it could be argued that the reason this has not occurred is that the sanctions currently in place have not applied sufficient pressure on Moscow, and that the United States and the European Union should seek to impose additional measures. One of the most critical elements of the current sanctions attempt is to restrict future growth in the critical Russian oil sector without causing a disruptive, immediate curtailment of supplies to the global market. Future sanctions could attempt to curtail oil exports immediately in an effort to inflict greater economic damage on the Russian economy and force a policy change from Moscow. This paper reviews the state of the Russian economy and the role oil exports play in it. It offers an assessment of various scenarios, based on Russian economic data, for the application of sanctions pressure on Russian oil exports.

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