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美国的全球天然气战略A Global Gas Strategy for the United States 美国的全球天然气战略A Global Gas Strategy for the United States

美国的全球天然气战略A Global Gas Strategy for the United States

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  • 更新时间:2021-09-19
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与石油不同,天然气从来都不是美国外交政策的主要战略重点。该国历史上是天然气净进口国,但自给自足程度相对较高,进口主要来自加拿大,很少引起地缘政治或能源安全方面的担忧。本世纪初,美国曾担心自己可能会依赖液化天然气(lng)进口,但那一刻很快就过去了。如果美国对全球天然气有一个宏大的战略,可以简单地概括一下。在欧洲,美国希望供应多样化,这意味着获得非俄罗斯天然气;在亚洲,它希望流动性,这意味着放宽僵硬的合同条款,并摆脱石油指数化作为液化天然气定价机制的做法。

Natural gas, unlike oil, has never been a major strategic preoccupation for U.S. foreign policy. The country was historically a net gas importer, but self-sufficiency was relatively high, and imports came mostly from Canada, raising few geopolitical or energy security concerns. In the 2000s, the United States was worried that it might become reliant on liquefied natural gas (LNG) imports, but that moment passed quickly. If the United States ever had a grand strategy vis--vis global gas, it could be summarized simply. In Europe, the United States wanted diversity of supply, which meant access to non-Russian gas; and in Asia, it wanted liquidity, meaning a relaxation of rigid contract terms and a move away from oil indexation as the pricing mechanism for LNG.

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