首页 > 资料下载 > 经验教训：菲律宾化石燃料补贴和能源部门改革Lessons Learned: Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Energy Sector Reform in the Philippi
经验教训：菲律宾化石燃料补贴和能源部门改革Lessons Learned: Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Energy Sector Reform in the Philippi 经验教训：菲律宾化石燃料补贴和能源部门改革Lessons Learned: Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Energy Sector Reform in the Philippi

经验教训：菲律宾化石燃料补贴和能源部门改革Lessons Learned: Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Energy Sector Reform in the Philippi

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  • 更新时间：2021-09-19
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菲律宾取消了大部分消费能源补贴，并在1990年代后期成功地逐步取消了价格补贴，原因是更广泛的结构改革，解除了对下游石油和电力部门的管制，包括取消国家石油价格稳定基金和国家电力公司私有化。 作为一个能源净进口国，加上2005-2014年期间能源价格居高不下，该国已利用有针对性的现金转移来平稳改革。通过三次主要审查和一次宪法审查，燃料价格自由化分别受到民主挑战。尽管面临这些挑战，菲律宾还是设法改革矿物燃料补贴，发展国家社会安全网，并投资于可再生能源。要解决持续的电力短缺和仍有相当一部分人口得不到电力供应，还有许多工作要做，但其他国家正在试图改革其能源补贴，可以吸取许多教训。

The Philippines has removed the majority of all consumer energy subsidies, successfully phasing out price subsidies in the late 1990s as a result of wider structural reform to deregulate both the downstream oil and electricity sectors, including the removal of the country’s Oil Price Stabilization Fund and privatization of the National Power Corporation. As a net energy importer, and with high energy prices throughout 2005–2014, the country has used targeted cash transfers to smooth reforms. The liberalization of fuel pricing has been democratically challenged on three separate occasions through major reviews and once on a constitutional basis. Despite these challenges, the Philippines has managed to reform fossil fuel subsidies, develop a national social safety net and invest in renewable energy. There is more to be done to address ongoing shortages of power and a significant portion of the population that still lacks access to electricity, but many lessons can be learned by other countries who are attempting to reform their energy subsidies.

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