燃料电池（氢燃料电池）行业基本情况调研报告

Fuel cell, also known as electrochemical generator, is a kind of cell that mainly uses oxygen or other oxidants to carry out oxidation-reduction reaction and convert chemical energy in fuel into electrical energy. It is the fourth generation technology after hydropower, thermal power and atomic power. Fuel cell is a new power source with a bright future. Generally, hydrogen, carbon, methanol, borohydride, gas or natural gas are used as the fuel, as the negative electrode, oxygen in the air is used as the positive electrode, and the active substances (fuel and oxidant) of fuel cell enter at the same time of reaction. Therefore, this kind of battery is actually just an energy conversion device, which can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy in an electrochemical way without going through a thermal engine process, and is not limited by the Carnot cycle effect, so the energy conversion efficiency is high.

燃料电池，是一种主要通过氧或其他氧化剂进行氧化还原反应，把燃料中的化学能转化成电能的电池，又称电化学发电器。它是继水力发电、热能发电和原子能发电之后的第四种发电技术。燃料电池是具有发展前途的新的动力电源，一般以氢气、碳、甲醇、硼氢化物、煤气或天然气为燃料，作为负极，用空气中的氧气作为正极，燃料电池的活性物质（燃料和氧化剂）是在反应的同时进的入。因此，这类电池实际上只是一个能量转换装置，等温的按电化学方式，直接将化学能转化为电能而不必经过热机过程，不受卡诺循环效应的限制，因此能量转化效率高。