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Biological removal of methanol from process condensate for the purpose of reclamation
The biological removal of methanol from condensate of ammonia manufacturing processes for the purpose of reclamation using contact type reactor was studied. Methanol of 60 mg/L was removed completely under an HRT of 1.12 h. Optimal inorganic nutrient dose was determined on evaluating methanol removal performance and dehydrogenase activities (DHA) under different nutrition doses. The optimal inorganic nutrient dose only gave an increase of conductivity of ca. 10 μs/cm2 in the effluent on treating synthetic condensate containing methanol of 30 mg/L. The results demonstrated that biological removal of methanol was effective for the purpose of recovering the methanol-bearing condensate....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：29
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Reactions of Laser Ablation-magnesium Plasma with Methanol Clusters
The laser ablation-molecular beam(LA-MB) method is useful for studying the reactions of metal ions with molecular clusters. Reactions of magnesium plasma with methanol clusters were studied by using this method. A specially designed reaction cell was used as a fast flow reactor operated under thermal conditions, and the reaction products were measured with a time-of-flight(TOF) mass spectrometer. Surprisingly, several series of cluster ions with complex sizes and intensity distributions were obtained when the laser ablating was applied to different parts of the molecular beam. In the front part of the molecular beam, strong Mg+ (CH3OH)n ( n = 0-5 ) and weak H+ (CH3OH)n (n = 0-5) cluster ions were observed with relatively small cluster sizes; in the middle part of the molecular beam,the main cluster ions were H+(CH3OH)n(n =6-17) and H+(H2O)2(CH3OH)n(n =6-17) with a relatively large cluster size and a weak intensity; in the back part of the molecular beam, two new series of cluster ions,MgO+ (H2O) (CH3OH) n ( n = 6-10) and MgOCH3+ (CH3OH)n ( n = 6-10), were obtained and accompanied by weak H+ (CH3OH)n(n = 4-7) and H+ (H2O)2 (CH3OH)n (n= 3-6). The formation mechanisms and speed characteristics of the cluster ions are discussed in this article....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：49
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Study of Methanol Conversion over Fe-Zn-Zr Catalyst
The methanol conversion over Fe-Zn-Zr catalyst was studied at 0.1 MPa and 280-360℃.The experimental results indicate that the main products of methanol conversion are methane and butane,and that other hydrocarbons are scarcely produced.All results show that propylene is most probably the olefin formed first in methanol conversion rather than ethene over Fe-Zn-Zr catalyst.Methane is formed from methoxy group,and C4 is possibly yielded on the surface from propylene through binding with a methoxy group....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：26
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Promoter Effects of Rare Earth Ions on Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol
The promoter effects of rare earth ions on the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol at the Pt electrode were studied using the cyclic voltammetry and stable polarization techniques. It was found for the first time that Eu、Ho、Dy ions could accelerate the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol at the Pt electrode, while Lu、Pr、Yb、Sm ions showed inhibitor effects....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：80
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Methanol Steam Reforming Reactions on CuZn(Zr)AlO Catalyst
The catalytic performances of methanol steam reforming reactions on CuZn(Zr)AlO catalysts were studied. When the ZrO2 promoter was added to a CuZnAlO catalyst, its methanol conversion,H2 production and H2 selectivity improved greatly. By using the #COPZr-2 catalyst as an example,which exhibited the best catalytic performance, the optimized reaction conditions were established to be:250 ℃, 0.1 MPa, H2O/MeOH=1.3, WHSV=3.56 h-1, and without carrier gas. A 150 h stability test of the #COPZr-2 catalyst showed that the catalyst had good stability, as the methanol conversion and H2 production could be kept at 88% and 83% respectively. Moreover, outlet H2 and CO contents were ＞63%and 0.20%-0.31%, respectively....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：50
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Methanol Tolerant PWA-Pt/C Catalyst with Excellent Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen Reduction in
It was reported for the first time that phosphorictungstenic acid (PWA) could promote the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and inhibit the methanol oxidation reaction at the cathodic Pt/C catalyst in the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). When the weight ratio of PWA to Pt/C is 1,the composite catalyst increases the reduction current of oxygen by about 38% and decreases the oxidation current of methanol by about 76% compared with that of the Pt/C catalyst....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：43
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Methanol Steam Reforming Catalysts for Fuel Cell Driven Electric Vehicles
Cu/ZnAlO catalysts derived from hydroxycarbonate precursors containing hydrotalcite-likelayered double hydroxides (LDHs) were studied. The influence on the performance of the catalysts wasalso studied when the Al in the Cu/ZnAlO catalyst was partly or completely replaced by Zr or Ce....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：60
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Dissociation of methanol in intense femtosecond laser field
Methanol was irradiated by 80 fs laser pulse, intensity range of 1013-1014 W/cm2. A TOF-mass spectrometer was coupled to the laser system and used to detect the ions produced. The parent ions CH3OH+ appeared firstly at the laser intensity of 1.4×1013 W/cm2. While the laser intensity was gradually increased, the parent ions were dissociated and the primary ions CH2OH+ were given as verified from the irradiation of deuterated methanol (CH3OD) showing the C-H bond cracking firstly. While the laser intensity was further increased to 2.0 ×1013 W/cm2, the C-O bonds of the parent ions also broke to give CH3+. When the laser intensity was higher, smaller fragment ions like CH+, C+, OH+ and O+ also appeared. Among the fragment ions, only H+ ion yield had anisotropic angular distribution dependence on the laser polarization vector in the dissociation of methanol. All the experimental observations show that the dissociation of methanol proceeds through stepwise mechanism but not Coulomb explosion....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：28
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Carbon Nanotubes Supported Pt-Ru-Ni as Methanol Electro-Oxidation Catalyst for Direct Methanol Fuel
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) supported Pt-Ru and Pt-Ru-Ni catalysts were prepared by chemical reduction of metal precursors with sodium borohydride at room temperature. The crystallographic properties and composition of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and the catalytic activity and stability for methanol electro-oxidation were measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear sweep voltammetries (LSV), and chronoamperometry (CA). The results show that the catalysts exhibit face-centered cubic (fcc) structure.The particle size of Pt-Ru-Ni/CNTs catalyst is about 4.8 nm. The catalytic activity and stability of the Pt-Ru-Ni/CNTs catalyst are higher than those of Pt-Ru/CNTs catalyst....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：30
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Process conditions of preparing methanol from cornstalk gas
The low-heat-value cornstalk gas produced in the down-flow fixed bed gasifier was tentatively used for methanol synthesis. The cornstalk gas was purified and the technical procedures such as deoxygenation, desulfurization, catalytic cracking of tar, purification and hydrogenation were studied. The catalytic experiments of methanol synthesis with cornstalk syngas were carried out in a tubular-flow integral and isothermal reactor. The effect of reaction temperature, pressure, catalysttypes, catalyst particle size, syngas flow at entering end and composition of syngas was investigated. The optimum process conditions and yield of methanol from cornstalk syngas were obtained. The experimental results indicated that the proper catalyst of the synthetic reaction was C301 and the optimum catalyst size (φ) was 0.833 mm×0.351 mm. The optimum operating temperature and pressure were found to be 235℃ and 5 Mpa, respectively. The suitable syngas flow 0.9-1.10 mol/h at entering end was selected and the best composition of syngas were CO 10.49%, CO2 8.8%, N2 37.32%, CnHm 0.95% and H2 40.49%. The best methanol yield is 0.418 g/g cornstalk. The study provided the technical support for the industrial test of methanol production from biomass (cornstalk)gas....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：64
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Methanol Distillation System: Process Analysis and Column Design
Base on industrial research and experience, the process of methanol distillation is analyzed,and above all, a new concept of high pressure flowsheet and low pressure flowsheet is defined. The new configuration helps to handle problems encountered in many factories in China. The inter influence between process and column internal pattern is also pointed out. Recommendation of new column internal designs is given. Finally, industrial examples tell the how the new concept works and the possibility of combining process to give more opens to solve engineering problems....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：72
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Continuous conversion of methanol to higher hydrocarbons at ambient pressure
An iodozincate ionic liquid solvent and catalyst is used to convert methanol continuously to a wide variety of hydrocarbons at atmospheric pressure....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：53
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Catalytic Conversion of Methanol by Oxidative Dehydrogenation
This study investigates the effects of addition of oxygen on the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of methanol when a fluorotetrasilicic mica ion-exchanged with palladium (Pd2+-TSM) was used as the catalyst. The reaction proceeded at a very low temperature in the presence of oxygen, and HCOOCH3 was obtained at high selectivity. By calculating the equilibrium conversion, it has been shown that substantial ODH took place for HCOOCH3 production. Consequently, this reaction would make dehydrogenation the dominant reaction at equilibrium. Not all the H dissociated from CH3OH was converted to H2O by oxidation. It has been shown that the H2O was not produced from oxidative dehydrogenation by the direct reaction of CH3OH and O2 when an attempt was made to carry out oxidative dehydrogenation using an isotope oxygen trace method in the gas phase. Therefore, when CH3OH was converted to CO2 and dehydrogenated to HCOOCH3, the C-O bonds were not dissociated....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：67
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Alumina recovery from spent Bayer liquor by methanol
Decomposition of sodium aluminate solution is the key step for alumina production; however, approximately only 55% alumina yield is obtained by seeded precipitation. So, it is difficult to obtain sodium aluminate solution with high caustic ratio. In this study, a method was explored to recover alumina from spent Bayer liquor by deep decomposition with methanol. A variety of conditions, including reaction temperature, reaction time, methanol amount and seed coefficient were elaborately investigated. The results showed that the appropriate conditions were 1:1 in volume ratio of methanol to spent Bayer liquor, more than 1.0 seed coefficient and in a 40 ℃ water bath for 24 h. By characterizing through XRD, the crystal products were found to be Al(OH)3. With this method, the molar ratio of Na2O to Al2O3 of the spent liquor can be increased from about 3.0 to 10.0 due to the recovery of alumina, which is beneficial for the treatment of red mud....
2020-07-08 21:52:19浏览：47
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Enhanced anaerobic biodegradability of real coal gasification wastewater with methanol addition
Coal gasification effluent is a typical refractory industrial wastewater with a very poor anaerobic biodegradability due to its toxicity. Methanol was introduced to improve anaerobic biodegradability of real coal gasification wastewater, and the effect of methanol addition on the performance was investigated in a mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor with a hydraulic retention time of 24 hr. Experimental results indicated that anaerobic treatment of coal gasification wastewater was feasible with the addition of methanol. The corresponding maximum COD and phenol removal rates were 71% and 75%, respectively, with methanol concentration of 500 mgCOD/L for a total organic loading rate of 3.5 kg COD/(m3·day) and a phenol loading rate of 0.6 kg/(m3·day). The phenol removal rate was not improved with a higher methanol concentration of 1000 mg COD/L. Substrate utilization rate (SUR) tests indicated that the SURs of phenol were 106, 132, and 83 mg phenol/(g VSS.day) at methanol concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 mg COD/L, respectively, and only 45 mg phenol/(g VSS.day) in the control reactor. The presence of methanol could reduce the toxicity of coal gasification wastewater and increase the biodegradation of phenolic compounds....
2020-06-12 16:17:46浏览：1400
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